Table 1 General features and preliminary data of antifungal and antiaflatoxigenic potential of the essential oils and extracts of 49 medicinal plants belonging to 21 different families. AFB 1 Aflatoxin B1, AFG 1 aflatoxin G1
Family | Plant species | Common name | Part useda | Antifungal activityb | Antiaflatoxigenic activityb | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AFB1 | AFG1 | |||||
Apiaceae | Heracleum pubescens | Downy cow parsnip | Seeds (Et) | + | − | − |
Ferula gummosa | Galbanum | Aerial parts (EO) | + | − | − | |
Foeniculum vulgare | Fennel | Roots/flowers (EO) | + | + | + | |
Araliaceae | Hedera helix | Common ivy | Leaves | − | − | − |
Asteraceae | Achillea biebersteinii | Milfoil | Leaves | − | − | − |
Achillea callichora | Milfoil | Flowers | − | − | − | |
Sonchus oleraceus | Common sowthistle | Flowers | − | − | − | |
Artemisia annua | Sweet wormwood | Leaves | − | − | − | |
Centaurea iberica | Iberian starthistle | Flowers | − | − | − | |
Achillea millefolium subsp. elborsensis | Yarrow | Flowers (EO) | + | − | − | |
Tanacetum balsamita | Costmary | Flowers | − | − | − | |
Artemisia sieberi | Absinthium | Leaves | − | − | − | |
Artemisia absinthium | Grand wormwood | Leaves | − | − | − | |
Bignoniaceae | Campsis radicans | Trumpet | Flowers | − | − | − |
Catalpa bignonioides | Southern catalpa | Flowers | − | − | − | |
Caprifoliaceae | Lonicera caprifolium | Perfoliate honeysuckle | Leaves | − | − | − |
Celastraceae | Euonymus japonicus var. argentovariegata | Japanese spindle | Leaves | − | − | − |
Cupressaceae | Platycladus orientalis | Chinese arborvitae | Leaves (Et) | − | + | − |
Cupressus arizonica | Arizona cypress | Leaves | − | − | − | |
Elaeagnaceae | Elaeagnus angustifolia | Russian silverberry | Leaves | − | − | − |
Euphorbiaceae | Ricinus communis | Castor oil plant | Seeds | − | − | − |
Fabaceae | Wisteria sinensis | Chinese wisteria | Flowers | − | − | − |
Sophora alopecuroides | Sophora root | Flowers | − | − | − | |
Amorpha fruticosa | Desert false indigo | Flowers | − | − | − | |
Gleditsia caspica | Caspian honeylocust | Flowers | − | − | − | |
Juglandaceae | Juglans regia | Persian walnut | Leaves | − | − | − |
Lamiaceae | Thymus fedtschenkoi | Aerial parts (Et) | + | − | − | |
Stachys lavandulifolia | Woundwort stachys | Leaves | − | − | − | |
Mentha pulegium | Pennyroyal | Leaves | − | − | − | |
Lavandula angustifolia | Common lavender | Leaves | − | − | − | |
Vitex negundo | Five-leaved chaste tree | Leaves | − | − | − | |
Rosmarinus officinalis | Rosemary | Aerial parts | − | − | − | |
Mentha spicata | Spearmint | Leaves (EO) | + | − | − | |
Mentha piperita | Peppermint | Leaves | − | − | − | |
Melissa officinalis | Balm | Leaves | − | − | − | |
Perovskia artemisioides | Perovskia | Leaves | − | − | − | |
Malvaceae | Malva neglecta | Common mallow | Flowers | − | − | − |
Meliaceae | Melia azedarach | Persian lilac | Seeds | − | − | − |
Moraceae | Morus alba | White mulberry | Leaves | − | − | − |
Myrtaceae | Eucalyptus camaldulensis | River red gum | Leaves | − | − | − |
Eucalyptus rostrata | Red gum | Leaves | − | − | − | |
Oleaceae | Fraxinus excelsior subsp. coriifolia | Common ash | Leaves | – | − | − |
Fraxinus angustifolia | Narrow-leafed ash | Leaves | − | − | − | |
Poaceae | Polypogon maritimus | Mediterranean beard grass | Aerial parts | − | − | − |
Poa annua | Annual meadow grass | Aerial parts | − | − | − | |
Rosaceae | Amygdalus scoparia | Mountain almond | Leaves | − | − | − |
Rutaceae | Citrus sinensis | Sweet orange | Leaves | − | − | − |
Ruta graveolens | Common rue | Aerial parts | − | − | − | |
Urticaceae | Urtica urens | Annual nettle | Leaves | − | − | − |