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Table 2 Some physicochemical characteristics (mean ± SD) during laboratory-scale fermentation of selected beverages

From: Microbial dynamic and growth potential of selected pathogens in Ethiopian traditional fermented beverages

Sample

Fermentation time (h)

pH

Titratable acid

Moisture content (g/100 ml)

Total solid content (g/100 ml)

Borde

0

4.58 ± 0.03a

0.17 ± 0.02d

74.17 ± 0.75d

25.83 ± 0.75a

6

4.55 ± 0.02a

0.21 ± 0.01d

76.65 ± 0.48c

23.35 ± 0.48b

12

4.31 ± 0.01b

0.25 ± 0.02c

77.59 ± 0.04bc

22.41 ± 0.04bc

18

4.27 ± 0.02bc

0.32 ± 0.01b

78.48 ± 0.36b

22.41 ± 0.36c

24

4.22 ± 0.01c

0.40 ± 0.02a

82.79 ± 0.83a

21.52 ± 0.83d

Grawa

0

4.18 ± 0.10a

0.19 ± 0.02f

85.57 ± 0.08d

14.43 ± 0.08a

12

4.16 ± 0.06a

0.22 ± 0.01ef

85.71 ± 0.03d

14.29 ± 0.03a

24

4.11 ± 0.08ab

0.25 ± 0.02de

85.92 ± 0.20cd

14.08 ± 0.20ab

36

3.96 ± 0.03bc

0.29 ± 0.01cd

85.94 ± 0.21cd

14.06 ± 0.21ab

48

3.90 ± 0.02cd

0.33 ± 0.02c

86.32 ± 0.21c

13.68 ± 0.21b

60

3.76 ± 0.02de

0.57 ± 0.03b

88.15 ± 0.32b

11.85 ± 0.32c

72

3.62 ± 0.02e

0.83 ± 0.08a

89.96 ± 0.28a

10.04 ± 0.28d

Tej

0

5.26 ± 0.01c

0.13 ± 0.01h

74.28 ± 0.58k

25.72 ± 0.58a

12

5.36 ± 0.02b

0.15 ± 0.01h

75.36 ± 0.23k

24.64 ± 0.23a

24

5.50 ± 0.03a

0.12 ± 0.01h

76.83 ± 0.24j

23.17 ± 0.24b

36

4.85 ± 0.01d

0.23 ± 0.01g

77.11 ± 0.56ij

22.89 ± 0.56bc

48

4.58 ± 0.02e

0.27 ± 0.03g

78.01 ± 0.21hi

21.90 ± 0.21cd

60

4.27 ± 0.03f

0.34 ± 0.04f

78.82 ± 0.20gh

21.18 ± 0.20de

72

4.19 ± 0.01g

0.38 ± 0.02ef

79.51 ± 0.16fg

20.49 ± 0.16ef

84

4.14 ± 0.02gh

0.39 ± 0.04ef

80.56 ± 0.59ef

19.44 ± 0.59fg

96

4.11 ± 0.01hi

0.42 ± 0.03de

81.44 ± 0.29e

18.56 ± 0.29g

108

4.05 ± 0.04i

0.46 ± 0.01cd

83.18 ± 0.64d

16.82 ± 0.64h

120

3.94 ± 0.05j

0.49 ± 0.01bc

84.93 ± 0.25c

15.07 ± 0.25i

132

3.85 ± 0.01k

0.54 ± 0.01ab

86.89 ± 0.29b

13.11 ± 0.29j

144

3.81 ± 0.02k

0.58 ± 0.01a

88.76 ± 0.22a

11.24 ± 0.22k

  1. The physicochemical characteristics of the fermented beverages were assessed based on the beverages fermentation times: 24, 72, and 144 h for borde, tej, and grawa, respectively. The mean ± standard is presented and the statistical analysis was determined by one-way ANOVA with Tukey post hoc test. Different letters in superscript along a column indicate a significant difference (p < 0.05), the same letters indicate no significant difference (p > 0.05)