Fig. 5

Stack plot of HPLC chromatogram at 310 nm showing the in vitro conversion of ferulic acid (1) into vanillin (2) and vanillic acid (3) by a cell extract of Paenibacillus lactis SAMS-2001. Chromatogram [a] represents ferulic acid (1), vanillin (2), and vanillic acid (3) as standards. Chromatogram [b], [c], and [d] represent subsequent depletion of ferulic acid (1) with formation of vanillin (2) and a low level of vanillic acid (3) in the presence of CoA, MgCl₂, NAD⁺ and ATP in the reaction mixture on 0, first, and third h of incubation, respectively