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Table 1 Maximum carotenoid production and mutation rates treated by different mutation methods. ARTP Atmospheric and room temperature plasma, UV ultra violet. Values are means of triplicate ± standard deviation (SD)

From: Enhancing carotenoid production in Rhodotorula mucilaginosa KC8 by combining mutation and metabolic engineering

Mutation methods

Carotenoid production (mg L−1) a

Mutation rates (%)

Parents

Mutants

ARTP

8.67 ± 0.07 b

9.91 ± 0.14

15.0

NaNO2

9.91 ± 0.14

11.06 ± 0.12

7.5

UV

11.06 ± 0.12

12.62 ± 0.07

5.5

UV-NaNO2

12.62 ± 0.07

14.47 ± 0.06 c

9.0

  1. aThe carotenoids production was measured from the highest producing strain selected from more than 100 mutants for each mutagenesis
  2. b Rhodotorula mucilaginosa KC8
  3. c R. mucilaginosa K4