Phylogenetically diverse bacteria isolated from tattoo inks, an azo dye-rich environment, decolorize a wide range of azo dyes

Table 2 Degradation (%) of 8 structurally diverse azo dyes within 48 h by selected bacterial isolates

Azo dyes	MW	μ^a	nm^b	Azo dye degradation (%) in bacterial strains (isolate #)^c
Azo dyes	MW	μ^a	nm^b	B. depressus (#21)	B. niacini (#32)	B. bataviensis (#33)	B. thermosamylovorans (#43)	Brevi. laterosporus (#50)	Paeni. lautus (#69)	Paeni. lautus (#70)	P. aeruginosa (#74)	P. aeruginosa (#75)	P. aeruginosa (#77)
Sudan I	248.3	100	475	86 ± 5	88 ± 2	84 ± 3	85 ± 1	87 ± 1	87 ± 5	87 ± 1	88 ± 5	87 ± 7	90 ± 2
Sudan II	276.3	75	493	39 ± 2	38 ± 1	28 ± 2	40 ± 1	39 ± 6	37 ± 1	39 ± 0	42± 1	40 ± 3	46 ± 0
Sudan III	352.4	45	510	77 ± 1	67 ± 1	71 ± 2	51 ± 2	55 ± 7	85 ± 7	71 ± 9	34 ± 1	32 ± 8	29 ± 8
Sudan IV	380.5	45	520	25 ± 1	32 ± 3	39 ± 9	32 ± 0	26 ± 4	40 ± 6	34 ± 6	20 ± 7	21 ± 4	32 ± 1
Orange G	452.4	100	475	16 ± 7	6 ± 1	26 ± 6	97 ± 1	94 ± 2	97 ± 3	97 ± 1	36 ± 4	35 ± 5	36 ± 2
Amaranth	452.4	45	520	59 ± 8	72 ± 1	59 ± 9	99 ± 1	99 ± 1	99 ± 2	99 ± 0	70 ± 1	85 ± 1	89 ± 8
Ponceau BS	556.5	100	510	94 ± 1	92 ± 1	90 ± 6	94 ± 4	92 ± 1	96 ± 2	97 ± 1	97 ± 1	96 ± 1	96 ± 1
Direct Blue 15	992.8	45	620	23 ± 2	23 ± 6	21 ± 5	93 ± 0	86 ± 4	96 ± 0	97 ± 1	39 ± 5	37 ± 7	35 ± 3

^aConcentration of azo dyes
^bAbsorbance wavelength measured for respective azo dyes
^cThe data show the mean of degradation (%) ± SD from repeated triplicated assay using 15-mL concical centrifuge tubes

ISSN: 1869-2044