Table 4 Relative abundances and community compositions of the dominant bacterial phyla in soils from each biochar treatment (phylum level) (%)

Proteobacteria

31.38±1.52 ab

30.08±0.62 bc

31.74±0.84 a

32.75±0.16 a

28.74±0.54 c

Actinobacteria

32.36±1.50 a

29.30±0.64 b

28.08±0.25 b

25.18±1.41 c

31.88±1.25 a

Chloroflexi

6.00±0.78 c

9.55±0.87 ab

8.65±0.43 b

8.89±1.32 ab

10.74±1.54 a

Acidobacteria

4.96±0.52 b

8.60±0.82 a

8.81±1.94 a

7.97±1.94 a

8.03±0.21 a

Bateroidetes

6.89±0.80 a

7.09±0.61 a

6.82±0.28 a

6.68±0.43 a

5.53±0.06 b

Firmicutes

7.00±0.59 b

5.27±0.44 c

4.91±0.38 c

8.53±0.64 a

4.37±0.37 c

Patescibacteria

5.21±0.53 a

2.83±0.18 b

3.59±0.98 b

2.66±0.61 b

2.56±0.81 b

Gemmatimonadetes

3.01±0.62 a

2.77±0.44 a

2.45±0.23 a

2.86±0.36 a

2.45±0.18 a

Nitrospirae

0.86±0.22 b

0.99±0.03 b

1.07±0.09 b

1.44±0.37 a

1.68±0.10 a

Verrucomicrobia

0.26±0.17

0.89±0.22 a

1.06±0.55 a

0.51±0.38 ab

0.79±0.10 ab

others

1.50±0.35 b

2.19±0.24 a

2.11±0.29 a

2.14±0.39 a

2.38±0.12 a