Fig. 3

Box plot analysis of ethanol concentration (g.L⁻¹), ethanol yield (%), and alcohol percentage (v.v⁻¹) at 72 h fermentation time by S. cerevisiae isolates TA2 and W. anomalus isolates HCJ2F-19. a shows the fermentation dynamics at 0 h after inoculation with essentially minimal data recorded. b demonstrate the dynamics of the ethanol production parameters throughout 6 to 24 h. Accordingly, S. cerevisiae TA2 and W. anomalus HCJ2F-19 produced ethanol yields of 19.3% and 19.4%, respectively at 24 h. c show the fermentation dynamics between 30 and 48 h and the production of a maximum ethanol yield of 31.0% and 26.4% by S. cerevisiae TA2 and W. anomalus HCJ2F-19, respectively, at 48 h. d illustrates the dynamics of fermentation between 54 and 72 h and shows a decline of all parameters